Forty years ago this month, the Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries (composed of the Arab member states of OPEC and Egypt, Syria, and Tunisia) initiated an oil embargo that will last until March 1974.

The reason for the embargo: intervention. During the Yom Kippur War between Egypt and Syria and Israel, other Arab countries provided support to their brothers in North Africa (and the Soviet Union, which provided weapons). In turn, the United States, through President Richard Nixon’s authorization of Operation Nick Grass, helped their allies by providing weapons and other items (already under full nuclear alert). This prompted OAPEC to respond and began to implement the oil embargo, the impact of which continues to this day.

In the United States-the main goal of the embargo-this resulted in long lines in front of gas stations during workdays (after Nixon advised gas station owners to voluntarily not sell fuel on Saturday night and Sunday; 90% of people complied with the Recommendations), odd and even fuel rations, the tricolor system to indicate the availability (or lack) of any fuel, and the passage of the Emergency Highway Energy Conservation Act, which is better known as the Act that sets the national speed limit to 55 mph. The next twenty years.

Although the first oil crisis will end when OAPEC accepts Syria and Israel’s commitment to negotiate a settlement through the United States, the impact of the five-month embargo will continue for the rest of 10 years and beyond.

Before the embargo, the most popular cars sold were large cars, and they were responsible for using large V8 engines to pull them onto the highway. However, after the shock, most motorists sought smaller, more fuel-efficient products from Europe and Japan. The shock also gave birth to compact trucks such as Chevrolet LUV and Toyota Hilux, and prompted the Big Three to provide their own imported fighter jets before shrinking their entire car lineup in the late 1970s, and switch to front-wheel drive that would dominate in the 1980s. .

The impact also affected motor sports. In the 1974 24 Hours of Tona and 12 Hours of Sebring were cancelled, NASCAR shortened all race distances by 10%.

Of course, the oil crisis of 1973 triggered a movement to find as much energy as possible (and ways to preserve said energy) to reduce or even completely eliminate dependence on foreign oil, just like any Alberta or North Dakotan state today. Anyone willing to listen can be explained in detail.

Image source: David Falconer/National Archives and Records Administration/Wikimedia Commons/CC PDM 1.0

I used to do my homework when queuing up to refuel

I was only 7 years old when this happened, so some of my memories of it have been in a long line and heard my dad complain about what happened. He will also stop the gas pump in increments of $1 to ensure that the gas station will not "repair" the gas pump in order to charge more.

I didn't realize that the 55 mph speed limit was in effect because of the embargo. I do remember traveling so a lot of time was spent.

The worst thing is-all those 85 mph speedometers are installed in the car so that people will not be tempted to break the law. I'm sure whether this is a success is controversial. I am personally more happy that cars (and bicycles) are now equipped with speedometers that show the capabilities of each car (allegedly).

Unfortunately, the manufacturer swings the pendulum too far and enters the realm of fantasy, I'm afraid. My GTI has a 180 MPH speedometer, but the car’s electronic control speed is 125. Even if you use the governor to remove the governor, it can only reach about 140 before the air resistance takes over. So what we got is a speedometer, which has only a small part of it used, such as from seven o'clock to ten o'clock, all places are very cramped, so you have to work hard to see if you are going to 45 miles/ Hours or 49 miles per hour.

I hope the description of modern speedometers has some sense.

Depending on your vehicle, I hope Ford thinks it is suitable to install a speed of 200 mph in the 07-09 GT500. This car is equipped with a speed of 160 mph, and the inventory is controlled at 155 mph. After the speed limiter is removed, the car will (extremely stretched) at a speed of about 180 mph without other modifications.

Maybe this is Ford's wisdom? Because the needle will produce a kind of psychological speed limiter, because there is no real point in keeping it until the car stops accelerating.

However, the average speed function on DIC might bypass the speed limit when you reset it and the vehicle reads the current speed as the average speed? ? ? Then there are various GPS-based navigation (including smartphones) units, which can also read your speed.

As far as I know, most speedometers show the theoretical maximum speed. Top gear transmission and maximum speed. This does not take into account the resistance of wind, roads, and transmission systems. In addition, some fantasy or creative "margin of safety" is also involved;-)

My old Suzuki bicycle has an 85 MPH speedometer. When the needle bounces back from the pin, I think it is the 3rd to 4th shift indicator. Thankfully, the speed is expressed to 9th gear, so I can determine the price of a ticket. My car has a 150 MPH speedometer and I see 140 miles on it, so it is correct.

Why the speedometer reading is much higher than the vehicle reading, this makes sense. The reason is simple, the faster the car drives, the greater the deviation of the speedometer. Therefore, a speedometer with a speed of 120 mph is more accurate at 65 mph than a speedometer with a speed of only 85 mph.

One of the best examples is the 85mph speedometer used on the early Fox Mustang. Although the speedometer reads only 85mph, the position of the 85mph scale is exactly where the speedometer reads 120mph. All Ford did was to omit the figures over 85 mph. The arc of the pointer will continue to exceed 85, as if the number is still there. Therefore, it retains the accuracy of the 120 mph speedometer, you only need to guess whether your speed exceeds 85.

I remember I rented a Town Car with a digital Speedo. I wanted to know what it would do above 85, so I tried it on I-95 in the woods of northern Maine. It just stops counting and continues to read 85 while the speed increases.

I grew up in the 55's and learned to drive. Today, when I can set the cruising speed to 75 and don’t have to worry about being pulled over, I still feel that I can get away with it. When I was young, on the same road, that was the rate of "losing license".

I was stationed in Europe when the embargo was lifted, but we continued to drive to work because under the Status of Forces Agreement, the U.S. military was exempted and could use Esso coupons to buy gasoline for free.

In the end, because Canada, Mexico, Venezuela and other non-OPEC countries sell crude oil to the United States, the embargo hurts OPEC members more than it does to the United States. Thanks to OPEC, many trade bonds still exist today!

For me, it is really a shame that the United States decided to cut its own oil production and chose to develop oil fields in the Middle East. When the US economic policy favored oil imports rather than the development of its own resources, the entire region of the United States was destroyed. In many parts of the United States, crude oil is still emerging from the ground, and no one accepts it.

As for the political aspect of supporting the Israelis: With the emergence of the Jewish state after World War II, this was a foregone conclusion in 1947. Since 1947, Israel is actually the 51st state in the United States.

The United States has abundant natural resources, and oil is just one of them. We will not run out of oil for at least the next 200 years, if any. Oil will always be available, albeit at a price. Petroleum products are bargains anyway.

The United States should develop alternative energy sources, such as wind energy, solar energy, geothermal energy, wave energy, switchgrass ethanol, nuclear energy, etc., but none of them can be as economical as old oil.

Oil established the United States. Without oil, we would not be the world's leading economic, industrial and military power.

"At least for the next 200 years, we will not run out of oil, if any."

What made you have that idea?

Steve, search for "crude oil reserves" and read. If you can access the currency/investment/speculation website, so much the better.

Running out of oil is an unpleasant thought. Therefore, it cannot happen.

See how easy it is?

It is interesting how you avoid trading facts, PCH at this point. Now we know that you are on the losing side.

U.S. proven reserves as of 2011 (the latest data from EIA): 29 billion barrels

U.S. annual consumption as of 2011: 6.87 billion (this figure includes biofuels)

Divide 29 by 6.87. Not a big number, is it now?

Lol, "proven reserves" is a financial and legal term. IOW, this has nothing to do with reality.

I respect your financial knowledge, but I know many people who understand oil. None of them believe that we have reached anywhere near peak oil.

Your northern friend has at least 180 billion barrels of proven oil.

If you count all the oil reserves in the world, including those held by less friendly countries, it is not difficult to see that at the current rate of consumption, the world may still have 100 to 200 years of oil reserves.

The uncertainty lies in whether they will share it and at what price.

"Proved reserves" is a term in the petroleum industry. This is not particularly interesting.

Proved reserves do not consider all oil, but they do consider quantified oil. I don't recommend that you rely on long-term forecasts for oil that has not yet been quantified-counting unhatched chickens is usually not a wise idea.

"Your good friend to North Korea has at least 180 billion barrels of proven oil."

Although this is a comforting idea, Canada is an independent country and we cannot expect to always have unrestricted access to its resources.

"I don't recommend that you rely on long-term forecasts of oil that has not yet been quantified-counting unhatched chickens is usually not a wise idea."

I agree. There are many uncertainties. But in the past, many predictions about the imminent depletion of oil can be traced back to a century ago.

Extraction and exploration technology continues to advance, and we continue to discover and dig more. We are not done yet.

I disagree, PCH is the voice of reason on this topic. Read Simmons' "Twilight in the Desert" to understand how the Saudis keep changing their "proven reserves," and you will realize how big the variables are. The West also assumes that they can also use the oil resources of Iran and Venezuela exclusively to see what the final result will be.

If you mean "oil industry terminology" is a term they all know and use, then yes. That's because oil is a regulated industry, and people enter the industry to make money, so they all have financial knowledge. This is big business.

However, it has zero meaning outside of the financial aspects of the business. The people who discover and produce oil never need the term until accountants and financers demand a way to measure value. The asset value it measures has little correlation with the actual amount of oil on the planet. Geologists will tell you with certainty that there is a lot of oil on the left and right coasts, but due to lack of evidence, there are no proven reserves. End the meaningless drilling ban and they will be "proved" almost overnight.

I don't know how else to explain it to you. Call the IR department of the oil company, or use Google to search.

According to the Society of Petroleum Engineers:

"Proved reserves refer to the analysis of geological and engineering data, which can be reasonably and surely estimated from a given date from known reservoirs and under current economic conditions, operating methods and government regulations for commercial exploitation of oil. quantity."

This does not sound particularly meaningless.

We are discussing the supply of oil for many years. Credit score is also a meaningful term for some poor people. Using proven reserves to measure the world's oil supply is like using credit scores to determine the world's gold supply.

Since you are trying to change the argument to a meta-argument, I think I have proved my point.

I bet that we will not run out of oil in 10 years. I can get the support of any rich oil man who is willing to bet. You have the support of all financiers, and we can meet in Vegas and place bets.

I believe that the number of financiers willing to bet millions of dollars on your financial terms makes sense for real-world applications is quite small.

..... Under the current economic conditions, the method of operation......

This piece is the key. Ten years after the Middle East paralyzed the "rule" of the United States, no one knew we would make such progress, extracting more and more oil/gas from the ground. Today, technologies such as horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing are releasing large amounts of energy reserves that were previously too expensive or impossible to develop. However, some of these methods (such as hydraulic fracturing) have potentially high long-term prices. The same is true for the continuous release of carbon into the air. It may not be particularly concerned about some people on this thread, but the evidence continues to increase. Nevertheless, this is what we have now. We can use this opportunity to operate efficiently while developing other energy sources, of which nuclear energy must become an important part of it, or we can waste it and find ourselves in a complete circle back to roughly the same place as in 1973. The choice was made by the United States. If history has any meaning, I am not particularly optimistic.

"Since you are trying to change the argument to a meta argument..."

I am just correcting your misunderstanding about the source of the definition of "proven reserves".

"We are discussing oil supply for many years."

I specifically point out that not all oil is included in the proven reserves. However, the United States has very low proven reserves, and we have not really benefited from the fact that revisionists brag about it, as if it made no difference. What you see is what you want to see, not the whole picture.

You did not prove anything about the word. Its purpose is still economic, and has nothing to do with the actual amount of oil on the earth or the country-nothing, Nada, Zilch.

You cannot change your original argument. We have not run out of oil. I dare say that our proven reserves are 100 times or more than the proven reserves.

Your statement is a bet on scarcity. Proved reserves will not tell you how much oil you have. Given my age, I don't want to bet more than 20 years. According to your statement, this is triple proven reserves. To gamble or not to gamble?

So the Institute of Petroleum Engineers is a group of accountants, because you say that?

Oops, I learn new things every day.

"I dare say that we have 100 times or more proven reserves."

http://www.eia.gov/analysis/studies/worldshalegas/pdf/overview.pdf

Finding the definition of a term on someone’s website does not make it the source of the term.

Once again, a BS meta parameter dodges.

When will you realize that arguing about some incidental issues will no longer keep you with me.

We did not run out. You say sarcastically that we are. Incorrect!

But the number Obama used-proven oil reserves-greatly underestimates the amount of oil the United States actually owns. In fact, this country is far from being oil-poor, but a lot of oil—enough to meet all of the country's oil needs for centuries.

According to the US Energy Information Administration, the United States has 22.3 billion barrels of proven reserves, slightly less than 2% of the world's proven reserves. But as the EIA explains, proven reserves are “a small fraction of recoverable resources” because they only count the oil that the company is currently drilling in existing fields.

According to various government reports, when you look at the overall situation, you will find that the United States has a large supply of oil. in:

According to the government's Ocean Energy Administration, at least 86 billion barrels of oil in the outer continental shelf have not yet been discovered.

According to EIA data, there are approximately 24 billion barrels of shale reserves in the 48 contiguous states of the United States.

According to the US Geological Survey, as many as 2 billion barrels of oil are contained in shale deposits on the northern slopes of Alaska.

According to the US Geological Survey, ANWR has reserves of up to 12 billion barrels.

According to the Bureau of Land Management, there are as many as 19 billion barrels of tar sands in Utah.

Then there is the huge Green River Formation in Wyoming, which, according to the U.S. Geological Survey, contains a staggering 1.4 trillion barrels of oil shale-a type of oil that is released from sedimentary rocks after heating.

Another RAND study found that about 800 billion barrels of oil shale in Wyoming and neighboring states are “technically recoverable,” which means that it can be mined using existing technology. This is more than three times the known reserves of Saudi Arabia.

According to a 2006 report by the Department of Energy, all in all, the United States can extract 400 billion barrels of crude oil using existing drilling technology.

According to data from the Institute of Energy Research, if oil shale is included, the United States has 1.4 trillion barrels of technically recoverable oil, which is enough to meet all the oil needs of the United States in the next 200 years or so, without any imports.

Even this number may be low, because such estimates tend to rise over time.

For example, as early as 1995, the US Geological Survey calculated that the Bakken formation in North Dakota contained 151 million barrels of oil. In 2008, it raised the estimate to 3 billion barrels to 4.3 billion barrels—a 25-fold increase. Now, some oil analysts say there may be as many as 20 billion barrels of oil there.

The U.S. Geological Survey quadrupled the oil estimate of the Alaska National Petroleum Reserve in 2002.

To be sure, energy companies cannot profitably recover all of this oil—even at today's prices—and the oil they have been unable to put on the market for years. But from an industry perspective, the real problem with domestic oil is that the government has blocked most of the supply.

For example, the Alaska National Interest Land Protection Act of 1980 prohibits drilling of large tracts of land. In 1982, Congress blocked the extraction of most of the oil on the outer continental shelf. Most of the oil on federal land is also forbidden.

Obama and others said that the industry’s claims about lack of access are incorrect because they have not even used the many offshore leases they already have. Industry insiders counter that this is misleading, because a company needs to lease before it can determine whether there is oil there—a potentially time-consuming process.

In any case, any attempt to obtain these huge new oil supplies will definitely face strong opposition from environmental organizations, who are worried about the direct impact of oil production on the environment and concerns about global warming.

But according to the latest IBD/TIPP polls, given today's prices, most of the public are willing to expand drilling for offshore, ANWR and shale oil reserves.

"This is not a geological issue-it is a political issue," said Dan Kish, senior vice president of policy at the Energy Institute. "We have banned our own supply."

Read more on the Investor Business Daily: http://news.investors.com/031412-604303-oil-abundant-in-the-united-states.htm#ixzz2iQ634m2C Follow us on Twitter: @IBDinvestors | "Investor Business Daily" on Facebook

We can't run out of oil, just like we can't run out of trees. We can grow and synthesize the lipids in oil at a convenient time.

It does not mean that synthetic or planting oil is cost-effective, but we will never run out. When wood was replaced by coal, we did not run out of wood. When coal was replaced by oil, we did not run out of coal. When we decide to stop using oil, we will not run out of oil. Just like coal, I suspect that when we decide to stop using oil, its cost-effectiveness will be low. We just want something else, or we want to consume a small portion of what we consume today.

"It does not mean that it is cost-effective to synthesize or grow petroleum"

If oil becomes too expensive to be consumed, then we will run out of oil for whatever intent and purpose.

This means we have found an alternative

"This means we have found a substitute"

If we find a substitute for oil, the price of oil should plummet, because the demand for it will not be that great.

If oil prices skyrocket, it will almost certainly be due to a lack of substitutes. To this day, we have no viable alternatives to oil.

"If we find a substitute for oil, then oil prices should plummet because the demand for it will not be that great.

If oil prices skyrocket, it will almost certainly be due to a lack of substitutes. To this day, we have no viable alternatives to oil. "

The interesting thing about oil is that the higher its cost, the more it has. At a price of $15/barrel, the only oil worth acquiring is oil that has almost just flowed from the ground. At a price of US$100/barrel, we suddenly had an oil boom in Dakota and Canada, and even the old “dry” oil fields in Texas and California were being re-exploited because you could afford them. The technology of extracting petroleum in China. At a price of $300/barrel, maybe we have the ability to mine Jupiter with a robot detector...

Of course, as prices increase, incentives to reduce usage become worthwhile. I said it here before, but when I first bought a house, the heating oil was only $0.70/gallon. There is no incentive to spend $15,000 on a new stove and new windows, because the payback time is basically the rest of my life. It is worthwhile to upgrade at a price of $4/gallon. I reduced my annual use of 1200 gallons to less than 400 gallons, and this work paid for itself in 4.5 years. Of course, alternatives such as wind, solar and nuclear power have become more feasible. Economics 101.

The higher the cost... The cost of rice and rent is also rising.

Any risk must be profitable to get out and make the effort worthwhile. In some places, these things still emerge from the ground.

I was a teenager when the price of gasoline was 25 cents per gallon. However, I bought more today than ever before, and I casually looked for something strange on the boulevards of the beach cities and towns of Southern California.

The price is relative. You either have money or you don't. If you have money, you buy gas and drive.

If you don't have money, you can pay for it yourself or find other ways to solve it.

Like many Americans, I will buy gasoline until my money runs out. What hurts along the way are the cafes and fast food restaurants I go to every day.

My sushi chef told me that when gasoline prices were high, his business dropped by 80%. The German lady who runs koffee-klatch told me that when gasoline was high, her business dropped by 80%.

My granddaughters all work part-time at McDonald's. When the gasoline is high, they say there are far fewer people buying things after school.

The price of oil is so high? Who did it hurt? Small business owner. Who is that.

People will not buy less gasoline or diesel just because the price is higher. Our way of life is based on fossils.

You can't live without it.

High gas prices do more harm to the business than anything else. I want to buy my gas, at a damn price, but a trip to a Mexican restaurant is unnecessary.

If you stay completely away from all media sources and talk to people who actually work in the oil field, the oil replenishes itself much faster than many people think.

Between 1988 and 1991, the price of unleaded gasoline was 90 cents per gallon to about $1, and then fell to a low of around 95 cents per gallon again in 1999.

For whatever reason, I remember these two time frames clearly (I remember 1999 very clearly, because I often fill up my 1992 Mustang GT – MANUAL TRANSMISSION FTW –).

This is in southeastern Michigan.

The days of affordable gasoline or any other commodity or its by-products are quickly over, because once the Gram-Ritch-Blley Act (also known as the “Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999”) is passed, Wall Street will Pricing can be manipulated by artificially distorting supply.

"The days of affordable gasoline or any other commodity or its by-products will soon end, because once the Gram-Ritch-Blley Act (also known as the "Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999") is passed, Wall Street You can manipulate pricing by artificially distorting supply."

Can you explain what you mean?

"...The oil replenishes itself much faster than many people think."

Yes, non-biological oil, I don’t think we should know this

My grammar is not the best (I hate typing on small touch screens), but I expressed my opinion. The legislation I quoted became law in 1999 and basically opened the door to free banks and financial institutions. Dominate collusion and participate in other very unfree market activities to manipulate the prices of hundreds of commodities through the futures market and use other strategies (such as Goldman Sachs, Barclays, and JPMorgan Chase to hoard 90% of aluminum ingots and profit by restricting supply ) Warehouse operations, thereby pushing up prices).

Before the passage of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, commodity prices were much more stable, and prices were much cheaper (adjusted for inflation).

This is a very good article on general issues:

http://prospect.org/article/commodities-market-big-bank-love-story

Ha ha! Don't let me start, man!

Since the two houses we sold this morning closed, I have too much time on my hands this week...

But seriously, I firmly believe in oil. I am a petrol addict and I will buy petrol at all costs. Gasoline is a bargain at any price. It is better than walking.

Agree, we are fortunate to have a lot of hydrocarbons available in the United States.

Personally, I said suck up the Middle East and let the ungrateful bastard blow it away.

However, alarmist environmentalists will do their best to prevent the United States from fully exploiting its resources. Economic suicide.

As a semi-German, I have German cousins ​​who live in Germany and they told me that solar energy has fallen out of favor for many of them.

Facts have proved that solar energy is not a good deal after all. And the sun does not always shine. People can't help but wonder, what are they thinking in the land of ten thousand years of cloud! ?

The ones that are really favored are small portable gasoline Honda alternators, such as EU-2000 or EU-3000.

A cousin of mine brought back four of them after his last visit, and many German officers stationed in the area also picked them up and took them home after they completed their training here. They run on gasoline. Taekwondo, right?

So why is Honda? They can switch between 110/220 60Hz, and by using an inverter to generate pure sine, they are safe for computer electronics. Go figure it out!

Yamaha also produces them, but they are far less quiet than Honda.

Gasoline once again defeated the much-touted solar...

Does anyone want to take a PEV and drag the Honda EU-6500iSA generator to the trailer behind for an adventure? It's coming!

No, the best long-term approach is to use them when other people's (limited) resources are cheap, and use your own resources when they become scarce and expensive. The real long-term is to build a grid of orbiting solar collectors and start mining hydrogen on Jupiter (hopefully without any nasty new types getting mixed in).

One for Bumpy: I heard a shout like this somewhere on an Australian beach: "Did that block the sun?"

We will know that solar energy is a good idea only after the factories that manufacture the panels use only solar energy to do this.

These plants will also be on track. It doesn't make sense to build them at the bottom of gravity wells with a lot of atmospheric scattering.

Cat: http://segaretro.org/images/7/7c/GundamSideStory_title.png

.... Yamaha also produces them, but they are far less quiet than Honda.

Gasoline once again defeated the much-touted solar...

During Hurricane Sandy, the operating cost of my generator set was $6 per hour. The mixture of propane and gasoline depends on the machine I run. That is a clean output machine, not a broken Generhack. I don’t know how much solar energy costs, but in the long run, as oil becomes more expensive, I think solar power will grow and liquid fuels will be used more for transportation.

Golden2husky, even at $6 per hour, at least you still have electricity. Many others did not. Power is priceless!

My 15KW Generac is now powering the irrigation wells of my wife’s nephew’s farm in Idaho. For me, it is too noisy to use it near our residence.

My current spare equipment is Honda EU-6500iSA for electronic products and Briggs&Stratton 8500 for all other equipment.

I had to retire my Ingersoll-Rand and Kubota because the engines were completely worn out and it was not economically feasible to repair them. I sold the alternator to a store in Las Cruces.

By the way, do you know where I can buy parts for WACKER G70 58KW diesel engine?

http://www.dowdconstructionsupply.com/WackerMobileGenerators.html

That is a machine. By the way, if you really need to run the generator set often and noise is an issue, then a 1800 RPM machine is the best choice. For a 3600 RPM machine, Cummins/Onan is equivalent to your Highlander generator. real. They are just that good.

Golden2husky, hey, thanks! I will check it.

I want to rebuild that WACKER myself, because even if it runs now, it will still smoke. I don't want to invest $12,000 in the overhaul of the store. It's not worth that much money to me.

It may be the ring, but I also want to polish the cylinder wall (honing) and clean all oil passages with gasoline and dry the workpiece with compressed air before reassembly.

This thing has a lot of time, so it may have a lot of dirt. It belongs to a local welder who bought it second-hand and recently retired. It was dragged behind his welding truck. He made fences and gates for farmers/ranchers in the fields.

Once I remove the head, I may find that it also needs a valve.

I have $2500, minus the trailer the seller wants to keep for himself. If I need to do MIG/TIG work somewhere by myself and need a large generator, this will limit my mobility.

My other two generators have wheels, I have ramps to put them on my flatbed trailer, but Wick does not have wheels. If I have to move it, I have to use 3-inch steel pipe, a jack and a winch, and a lot of help to stabilize it.

I run two other emergency alternators from 11:59 am to 6:01 pm every Sunday. Our power company has done a very good job of load balancing recently.

So far, Honda has the smallest noise, I guess it is 60-70db. It changes the engine speed according to the load because it is an inverter.

What we do for the comfort of modern life! Where would we be without electricity?

My father went on a tour in Vietnam, and in 1991, like many "Southern Army" veterans, he was salivating about the prospect of the Gulf War. You would think that I was having a strategic meeting with Patton. He pointed to the map in U.S. News and World Report and said to the effect that "the air force will conduct night attacks to destroy enemy command and communications, and the navy will launch cruise missiles and artillery shells at Kuwait. Aiming at a solid position, General Schwarzkopf will lead his troops to bypass this connection in Iraq and enter the country." Damn, if he is wrong, he is not a particularly smart person, nor is he someone who understands military strategy through OCS. When I asked why the United States purchased oil from Kuwait in the first place that day, he said another surprising thing. I hush** you are not. He explained that the national security strategy of the United States in the 1970s was to block known oil wells (he pointed to North Dakota when he said this) and "use up all the Arab oil first." Now, as an adult, this sounds strange to me, but if you look at what petrodollars are today and the places in the world that demand high energy, he might be right.

28-Cars-Later, this is actually the idea at the time, spreading global wealth to oil-rich areas, sucking them dry, and then our continent will become the only continent with oil.

Of course, according to today's standards, this is flawed. The bigger weapon will be to provide fresh water to those areas affected by drought.

But the technology even helped a new type of cellulose-based reverse osmosis membrane that was first used for kidney dialysis and then extrapolated to filter other liquids based on molecular-specific filtration.

When you are thirsty, you will pay any price for a glass of cool water. Therefore, desalination and nuclear energy are more popular commodities than oil in the Middle East today.

By the way, my two eldest sons were infantry captains in the Marine Corps during the first Gulf War, and they both led their troops from Saudi Arabia to the outskirts of Kuwait City.

Interesting six degrees of separation.

Before Fukushima, I used to be a nuclear supporter, not so much now.

I have no problems with nuclear power after the Fukushima nuclear power plant. Remember, the reactor was intact during the initial earthquake and tsunami. What they were not spared was the silly decision to place the backup generator a few feet above sea level in a tsunami-prone area. There are a few diesel generators and a few days of diesel fuel on the roof, which shouldn't be a problem. Or better plan to provide auxiliary power to the factory as soon as possible. Or at least strengthen the auxiliary power plant and the reactor itself. Or better yet, a modern reactor design that does not require auxiliary power to cool itself.

Living in Maine, my basement will be exposed to more radiation than a nuclear power plant accident. It doesn't matter, I spend more time in the air than many crew members.

It's not the fall that killed you...

I agree that the possibility of what happened must be there, but it still happened. In my opinion, if it happened once, it will eventually happen again. If humans can develop a viable emergency plan to clean up (or at least mitigate) the worst-case scenario, I might support it again. However, according to the information there, although Fukushima is stable, it continues to poison the Pacific Ocean. It is still the worst radiological disaster that humans have suffered, so that there is no technology to deal with it properly.

28-Cars-Later, my eldest son’s current wife is Japanese. Her parents live near Fukushima and their families were directly affected by the flood and the Tokyo Electric Power Company’s nuclear disaster.

Fortunately, the Japanese government took early action and prevented those who have already suffered losses from suffering more.

It is indeed six degrees of separation.

"... But if you look at today's petrodollars and the world's energy demand, he might be right."

HDC-"My oldest son's current wife". Ouch.

Dave M., yes! Read on Bud...

He is the father of my 21-year-old granddaughter. She lives with us. Her brother has just left the US Marines and lives in California (with his new wife).

My eldest son and his wife divorced a few years ago, because after he came out of the Futenma Corps, she couldn’t move to Japan with him because she had to take care of her parents, live here with them, and at the same time take care of her parents. A complete-working as a registered nurse at the local regional medical center 5 days a week.

About eight years ago, before my son married that Japanese lady, he and his predecessor met at a class reunion here, and they seemed to be pretty good.

Hell, they grew up together, is a project of at least the last six years of school education.

The end result of the accidental encounter of this reunion was that the two of them spent a happy evening at the Sanshin Hotel, and we now have 7-year-old twins.

In 2008, he married a Japanese lady while working in Japan, and my wife and I attended the wedding.

Lovely woman, as smart as a whip. He obtained an MBA degree in the United States and is a senior vice president of the same bank. My son is also a vice president of the bank. They are currently assigned to the CA branch.

But she is not without luggage. She is 9 years older than him, her parents live in Fukushima, and she lost a loved one due to the disaster. IOW, he is draining the well.

Therefore, SHE will definitely return to live in Japan after the 2016 tour. My son will not.

He is full of interest in the Far East, and he wants to try international banking from a US perspective when his contract expires in 2016.

If he wants, he will not suffer for money, so he can give up his job and work on a ranch. Raise cows, raise horses, whatever you want. He might do that, he told me.

There is always a story behind seemingly insignificant situations, isn't it?

When this happens, we will run out of oil in 1979. Alarmism is outdated.

Israel was established in 1948. Although the United States voted in the United Nations in 1947 to establish a partition plan that would pave the way for the country, the United States has no guarantee of its support for this Jewish country. Since then, the diplomatic agency of the U.S. State Department has been leaning towards Arabs. Secy of State George Marshall and most of the Pres. Harry Truman’s diplomatic and military advisers urged him not to recognize this new country. In fact, the Soviet Union recognized Israel earlier than the United States, but Truman believed that this was the correct approach and went against the will of the State Department.

Nevertheless, until after the Six-Day War in 1967, the United States' support for Israel was quite indifferent. Before that, Israel mainly used French and British weapons. However, geopolitics are changing, and the Soviet Union has invested heavily in the Arab world, arming Egypt and Syria. President Johnson and Nixon viewed Israel as a bastion against Soviet expansion. There is no doubt that the Pentagon also saw an opportunity to test American weapon systems with Soviet equipment. Therefore, between 1967 and 1973, the US military and economic support for Israel increased.

After Nixon sent about a billion dollars in aircraft and tanks to Israel, U.S. aid did increase (Israel had been losing the war in the early wars and needed tanks and aircraft-if you want to read about a bad guy, Google Zvika Greengold, a tank commander, fought a column of up to 200 Syrian tanks, sometimes only one tank). Cameron mentioned the post-war report that during the overflight of the US spy satellite, Israel sent a message to Nixon by loading nuclear weapons on the plane. There were Russian ships carrying nuclear missiles on their way to Egypt, which also affected Nixon's decision. The provision of supplies to Israel has given reservations in the field of conventional weapons.

With American weapons and Sharon’s bold move across the Suez Canal to counterattack and cut off the Egyptian Third Army, coupled with the efforts of Gringold and others, the situation was reversed. Obviously, Israel was winning, because then the world started calling for a ceasefire. This is usually your way of knowing that Israel has performed well in a military conflict.

The Yom Kippur War, like all other major conflicts from 1945 to 1991, was a proxy war between the United States and the Soviet Union. Kissinger called for the second ceasefire not "because Israel is winning," but because he saw an opportunity to bribe Egypt to leave the sphere of influence of the Soviet Union and enter the sphere of influence of the United States.

Kissinger has many things, but fools are not one of them.

The more I understand the history of the Cold War, the more I respect this man.

Edit: Also, for the bad things about Yom Kippur War, see Ofira Air Combat. Egypt sent about 28 MiG aircraft to attack the Israeli air base. Two IAF F-4 Phantoms (not two squadrons, two fighter jets) successfully took off before the main runway was destroyed. Combat losses: 7 MiGs, 0 Mirages.

*As Darth Vader* the most impressive.

A friend talked to an Israeli pilot who lost two apparitions and returned to the cockpit after each. He killed a few people, but he thought the most interesting thing was fighting with ground forces for a few hours, between parachuting and a vehicle showing up to pick him up, asking him for his name, and then bringing him back for another attack. He never knew how they found him in a battle.

An unbelievable adventure, we are glad that we have never had it.

Small question about weapons. During the Six-Day War, the Israelis had a large number of American weapons, but they obviously did not get it from us. Magach is a modified Patton and Isherman is a Sherman with artillery. They have our WWII jeep, half-track and post-war mobile artillery.

They do have phantoms and are suitable for strafing, but I think most of their planes are French, and they use British tanks. After the end of the '67 War, France banned the delivery of weapons to Israel in 1969, leading to the secret purchase of naval ships from the Port of Cherbourg by the Israelis.

I have been reading Six Days War recently. In terms of numbers, most of them are equipped with American armored vehicles. They just didn't buy them directly from the US due to government decree (I would let scholars make up stories and argue about anti-Semitism). British tanks are Centurion and an improved Centurion called Sho't. They also have some French AMX tanks.

Centurion and Patton tanks are the main line force, but there are more reserve personnel. The reserve personnel lost many tanks in the battle with the Jordanians because they were defeated by the Jordanian Centurion and Patton. In most cases, they updated various Shermans (I believe these are mainly from France). Some people have beautiful guns installed, but no one has armor comparable to Patton and Centurion. Although the Egyptians used the newer T34, IS-3 and modern but inferior T55 against a much smaller number of top Israeli tanks, the situation turned against the Jordanians, who also received better training from the British to supplement Egypt. Soviet doctrine used in, Jordan and Syria.

The mobile weapon was made by the United States and towed by the British 25-pounder.

I believe that until after the war, most of the planes were French. Then they got the phantom.

I think you can call Isherman’s French weapons instead of American weapons, but I believe they are remanufactured American tanks, not new models manufactured under contract.

The Indian Air Force used French Mirage III fighters in the Six Day War in 1967 and Yom Kippur in 1973.

Venezuela is a founding member of OPEC

Minor correction: Venezuela is a founding member of OPEC.

I worked at ConocoPhillips in 1988, and I remember the staff was talking about closing the business in Alaska because the price of crude oil was lower than the cost of production in Alaska. At that time, Saudi Arabia might regularly put cheap oil into the market and scare away competition. They have not done this for more than a decade, which shows that they no longer have excess production capacity to keep prices down. In a world where oil prices continue to be high, companies are willing to invest in difficult and expensive oil production. Santa Barbara still has a small amount of crude oil coming out of the ground, but now oil production in most parts of the United States needs more work. We have more oil than ever before, but it is not cheap.

Continued high oil prices have also changed the demand for automobiles. My next daily driver will have a 4-cylinder engine. The mileage of a gallon of gasoline is twice that of the first car I built before the oil crisis in 1973. The increase in efficiency has cost me some complexity, but most of the improvements/complexities have gradually occurred during decades of car development, so reliability has also been improved.

Venezuela is one of the founding countries of OPEC and is still a member state. During the embargo, the state-owned oil company, a bit, a bit, continued, but found other ways to supply the United States, and it was the largest customer.

@HDC...I am confused. Did you mention HDC more than once that the United States would be a better place if we moved almost all the manufacturing of our products to Mexico?

Mikey, yes, me too! However, let us consider it in context.

I mentioned that UAW ungrateful people are complaining and complaining about the rights of the working state and the excessive pressure on Toyota, all kinds of false, fabricated nonsense, such as "We have not completed the cooperation with Toyota!".

Yes, I want to see Toyota and all other foreigners packing their bags and heading south. Mazda did it! Good for them. Some Detroit automakers are also expanding to the south. It's good for them too.

That will certainly satisfy UAW and American DOT, because then they will definitely be completed after Toyota's SUA collapses.

I still feel the same. If Americans are dissatisfied with the employment opportunities foreigners bring to the United States, then pack up their factories and head south!

I think it is unwise for Volkswagen to open a factory in Tennessee because they should know that UAW will smell like shit. they are. Cardcheck, anyone?

I want to know what would be the market clearing price of a gallon of gasoline without Nixon’s price control?

Nixon's wage and price control began in 1971. I know it is because my naval promotion in 1971 was put on hold for six months. When the embargo occurred, both 1973 and 1979 used partial control of gasoline to set maximum prices.

If you believe in conspiracy theories, both oil companies may have reduced the availability of gasoline used to create natural gas pipelines and the resulting pressure to remove control. Check the price after the deregulation, and you will know what the price will be. It was about 50 cents in 1974 and about $1 in 1980. This is not a "market clearing" price, but, uh, the market is distorting.

Steam-powered passenger cars are the real future, which will utilize a truly green and renewable source of propulsion power.

How the H2O will be fractured is the only variable left in the equation.

Is external combustion power green and renewable?

I wish I was just amused by a joke.

How about the steam locomotive roaming the United States?

In the 1930s, when diesel-electric cars were finally put on rail, Americans were surprised to find that they could ride the train without being covered by soot.

Aha, sound, smell, steam-powered soot...

Well, if people are stupid enough to choose to use coal to boil water (or by using any other fossil fuel), they will fall into the "unwise" consequences.

My wife and I took an old scenic railway trip. When we got off the open-air car, we were covered in soot.

That's hilarious! When I took off my sunglasses, I looked like I had a dark face with makeup, with two protruding eyes protruding from where the sunglasses cover the eyes.

seriously! I have photos as proof.

The luxury passenger railway lines of the steam age had no soot; their burners used anthracite or coke. Of course, the freight company has no incentive to do any of these things.

After the cost of anthracite and coke were too high to be burned in steam locomotives, some railways switched to petroleum fuels.

The timing of the oil embargo had a second destructive effect on the three giants. Millions of baby boomers have entered the labor market and bought their first new car. They are attracted by the small, fuel-efficient cars that European and Japanese automakers specialize in after the terrible experience of Las Vegas, Pintos and other domestic garbage trucks. This is the beginning of a long and slow decline for the Detroit trio.

How real-my mother graduated from high school in 1972. At the time, her car was Maverick, and this car sowed the seeds of a lifetime hatred of Ford in her heart. When the oil crisis came, she bought a Volkswagen Beetle and drove it until I was born in 1981. Dad persuaded her to use it for a Buick station wagon, and later a Jeep Cherokee (2.8-liter GM six-cylinder). In 1992, she bought an Accord, saying that the difference between Jeep and Accord is like going from Mavericks to Volkswagen again. She has only driven Honda since then.

Even the ghost of Billy Mays cannot sell her to another family.

Dad has been a LEO for 31 years-years of Luminas, Crown Vics and Impalas made him more willing to join Honda's cult. It’s great to see that the Detroit Big Three are working hard to develop their low-end cars. These cars usually only see leasing and fleet duties-where else is satisfied with their Honda or Toyota, and why is there a reason to drive one? ?

(I mainly own Honda and Toyota-the difference between my 2010 Focus lease and 2012 Focus lease is shocking!)

Seconded. Not only mpgs, but also the compactness of the car's design and the feel when driving. I work in a flower shop after school; he has a new Corona station wagon as a delivery van...I am surprised how fun driving (albeit slow) is. Of course, the Japanese cars at the time did have some rust problems...

October 1973... I clearly remember the gas crisis, Yom Kippur War and Saturday Night Massacre....

It has only been more than two months since I left the Air Force. One night while cruising with a few of my friends, there was news on the radio that President Nixon had put all U.S. troops on global alert! I thought: "We're here again"! The Yom Kippur War began.

I have the fatal idea of ​​being recalled to the U.S. Air Force!

Interestingly, after the first oil shock in March 1973, without any media advice, I started to slow down and limit my speed to 55 mph as much as possible!

Before the 55 mph limit was activated, I ran my own tests following the recommendation to buy only 10 gallons of gasoline a week. At that time in the fall of that year, I had just bought a very good 1972 Nova, 250 watts/three trees. 10 gallons is not enough, even if the university is only 3.5 miles from home, and the work is within walking distance-I did not walk-I found that the mileage in the surrounding towns is not the best, and trying to maintain the 10 gallon limit is difficult. I think a large V8 Chevrolet, Ford or Chrysler can only be used for a day or two!

At that time, I was stationed in an air force base and stationed in Germany, and we did use conventional weapons to enter a level 1 combat readiness for the F4 WRSK.

The army is preparing for the Referrer, so they have the upper hand in the game because everything has been stopped and lined up.

It directly affected my troops because we were instructed in Germany to prepare hundreds of missiles (sparrows and rattlesnakes) and conventional bombs, put them on pallets without fuzes, and be prepared to be C-141 and C -130 Pick it up and ship it to... (Yes, you guessed it).

At that time, the Israelis could not continue the battle for a long time, and supplies were crucial to them.

Surprisingly, a conflict in the Middle East led to a 12-hour shift of US troops stationed in Europe. It was the same this time 40 years ago. Fortunately, it only lasted six days, eh?

Some people believe that without the support of the United States, Israel will be in trouble in the Yom Kippur War. You think it will give us some influence, but when you see Netanyahu "coincidentally" announce the approval of another new settlement in East Jerusalem every time the United States visits, obviously it will not.

I also believe that Israel will get into trouble without the support of the United States, especially because the Arabs have threatened to use chemical weapons-which undoubtedly shows that they are saddened by the damage caused by Israel's preemptive damage to their military.

By the time the United States sent out replacement war equipment, Israel had exhausted most of its war preparations.

In the tank battle in the Golan Heights, things became very dangerous. If diplomats are not all scrambling for peace negotiations, then either way may fail. At the right time, someone will say.

As for the influence on Israel? Many Israelis maintain residences in the United States, and many American Jews maintain residences in Israel and actively serve in the Israeli armed forces.

Many Israelis also serve in the U.S. armed forces. One of my supervisors when I was in Germany was TSgt Berg, and he was our ammunition controller. When Yom Kippur started, TSgt Berg was on vacation, and we all remained vigilant.

We never saw or heard from TSgt Berg again. Presumably, he returned to his home in Israel to manage/receive the ammunition we prepared as a substitute. The same goes for some F4 mechanics on the flight path.

Israel will always do what it wants to do, because it exists for them. This can be traced back to World War II and the establishment of the State of Israel.

Looking back in recent history, we have seen examples of sabotage and preemptive actions, such as the bombing of Syria and Iraq.

Unless Iran changes its current nuclear singing and dancing stance, I have no doubt that Netanyahu will take action. Not only must he live up to his brother Jonathan's sacrifice in the eyes of his people, but he must also protect the honor of his country.

We, the United States under Shub's leadership, did the same thing after 9/11. Before they act, Netanyahu and his successors will not let such a disaster happen to Israel.

Since Obama has proven that he lacks leadership that satisfies the rest of the world, Israel will undoubtedly seek British help. If they need it, they will get it; if it is not public, it is also secret.

Community organizations may work in the slums of Chicago, but they are harder to sell globally because other global leaders are much smarter than the current U.S. government and bypass the U.S. altogether, as if it were an insignificant bystander.

Essentially, we are insignificant bystanders, because we can't even manage ourselves.

Can’t help but notice that Netanyahu decided earlier this week to arrange time for John Kerry’s arrival in Israel, announcing that there are more Israeli settlements in the West Bank and East Jerusalem. I understand that he needs to cater to his right-wing voters, but this has become tiresome year after year. If this is our biggest ally, who is our worst ally? When will we stop giving this bastard a blank check?

Thanks for the memories, my old 50-dollar 36HP Volkswagen Beetle drove through those difficult times at 32 mph.

My American-made 6-cylinder pickups are even less, but at least I am not as messed up as my V-ATE powered American-made Hot Rod partners, where they were FU-BAR for a while.

This photo evoked many memories.

Not so fast, I think I saw your beetle in front of the team there;)

Don't forget that gasoline price controls (implemented by Nixon) were the same at the time-they directly led to production lines and shortages. If you, as a gas station or distributor, cannot buy gasoline at a price you can sell, and at least limit the cost to the price you can sell, then you will not buy and therefore cannot sell. The other option is for prices to soar to painful levels (relatively speaking, this is beyond what we have seen recently)-but it would have been available.

Oil companies are also subject to price restrictions, restricting sales to the company's gas stations, so the natural gas market for independent gas stations has dried up. In the past, there was a gas station in almost every busy corner. If the gas station in 1973-74 did not kill the independents, then the gas station in 1979 did. During that decade, tens of thousands of young people and school dropouts had disappeared.

It is interesting to think of the oil crisis as this moment in history, because the United States is basically OPEC these days. After the last oil crisis, the U.S. private and public sectors transitioned from oil, especially the industrial sector. We caused the 1986 oil crash. Some argue that the 1986 oil crash eventually led to the Gulf War because Saddam Hussein could no longer fund his government or pay his war debts. The collapse in prices did not help US producers, and domestic production continued to fall slowly for a long time.

In 2008, we experienced another oil crisis, when oil prices climbed to US$140 per barrel. This time the United States has a vested interest in maintaining high oil prices. We are actively negotiating with OPEC through Saudi Arabia. With U.S. production hovering around 6.5 million barrels per day, we produce approximately $237B per year at a retail benchmark price. Without this free stimulus, without the jobs it creates, and without the investment it attracts, the situation in the United States will be much worse than it is now.

I remember this crisis clearly-I was only 10 years old at the time. That fall, my father just ordered 74 Maverick and 302 V8, and it arrived in March 1974. He likes its power and hates its 12 mpg fuel economy-he regrets the timing of the purchase.

We are bound by the parity system, and according to the last digit of your license plate, you can only buy gasoline on certain days (before the dresser appears). Some people will change the license plates on their cars so they can buy gasoline at any time.

At that time, we had a friend who ran a gas station. I remember he took special care of our family, just like the zombie apocalypse. However, we are still in long lines.

I remember that this is also the appearance of locked gas cap and remote gas cap release. I find it interesting that when the price is in the $4 range, the gasoline theft rate has dropped-we are in the new normal.

This shock and many other things, including union abuse, also led to the ultimate destruction of the American steel industry where my father worked. By 1982, he was unemployed, but ironically, when he needed a car, he got an old Datsun 810 beater. It turned out to be a domestic pet-a reliable three-legged car dog.

Let us not forget the new industry of magic pills, potions and equipment, which guarantee a greatly increased mileage.

There are also top-secret 100 mpg carburetors that oil companies don’t want you to know.

I was working in Houston at the time. The headquarters of Exxon Mobil Corporation is located in the Exxon Mobil Building in downtown Houston. There is an Exxon Mobil gas station on the ground floor. Cars lined up around the block, waiting to be refueled.

"Felix Hoenniker"'s comment was about the impact on Detroit. Unfortunately, early efforts in emission control led to the fact that the fuel efficiency of the engines was actually lower (for their HP output). Therefore, in addition to the Detroit "economic cars" like Pinto and Vega, the rest of the Detroit fleet Part is actually thirsty. Volkswagen's "Beetle" has become a reliable, non-thirsty commuter car. Datsun (Nissan) successfully launched 510 (performance is much better than Volkswagen, but still not particularly thirsty; Toyota launched Corona.

Just buying a new Mazda RX-2 is my bad luck and/or stupidity. On a good day, it will get 20 mpg at 60 mph. However, it is very fast.

A considerable number of bids for Detroit iron cars suffered auto fires and other random acts of complete destruction. For many of them, this is the only way for them to "monetize". No one will buy them, that's for sure.

Seriously, if you haven't, I suggest anyone interested in the history of the oil industry-including this dark chapter-read Daniel Yekin's award. This is a long and thick book. It took me more than four years to finish it... Although there is no denying it, I only read it on an airplane.

&%#&* My phone does not allow me to post links, but documentaries made with it are available online. Its clock is about 7 hours, so set aside a few nights. But it has a lot of information.

I don’t know why we directly use non-gas tax revenue to subsidize road repairs, and then subsidize electric vehicles to keep them ahead of subsidized petroleum vehicles in the market, and then add command and control CAFE standards to help reduce gasoline subsidies.

On the one hand, this has created a domestic automobile industry that has long been inconsistent with other markets in the world. During the 1973 oil embargo, it surprised us.

At about 40 cents per gallon, we can make our roads self-sufficient (at a slowly and steadily deteriorating level). In addition, we can resolve the backlog and establish mild but lasting protection incentives. Of course, all of these should be linked to construction costs.

I am opposed to increasing the tax burden on the demand side in this economic environment, so I will double the child tax credit to US$1,200 per child by using the saved general fund road expenditures to curb tax increases. (I have no underage children). It fits almost perfectly, and family men like Jack Baruth who "work hard and follow the rules" will not be harmed.

I'll be there. I believe that the federal gasoline tax has been stagnant for decades. The original idea was that the construction of the highway would be paid for by users in full, rather than by general revenue. It looks like it should return to that state. .. And cancel various subsidies for hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles and ethanol. Considering the recognized social benefits of people using less fuel, I am confused as to whether it is based on mileage or fuel consumption.

The tax relief for raising dependent children is ridiculous, but I don’t think we can afford to make them meaningful in any way. The cost of raising children (I have 3, all adults now) is huge. .. As anyone in Japan can tell you, the economic costs of contemporary adults who do not have children to replace them as workers will also be huge.

Most roads are paid for with gasoline taxes, but they will not rise with inflation. Lee Iacocca pushed for an increase of 50 cents to maintain road construction. By the way, when the price is about $1 per gallon, sell more economical K-cars. This did not happen, the roads and bridges were much worse than when I drove off-road many times in the early 70s. The only reason to use federal general income is that the gasoline tax is not enough to maintain the income we have now, let alone rebuild the interstate system. Even the concrete pavement must be replaced after 40-50 years, and the interstate highway system began in the 1950s.

Wow! Most Autobots really don't know much about the energy industry. My old friend Daniel Yergin does know a lot, and he has written quite a lot over the years. Read his stuff. Never mind those idiots who talk about "peak oil" endlessly.

1. Fracturing is really a big deal. It has already broken the price of natural gas in North America. It will soon cause oil prices to fall by about 30% or more.

2. Pollution control is always a big deal. In the long run, carbon dioxide emissions are a reasonable problem, but the current carbon dioxide emissions of light motor vehicles are not a big problem. There are many unresolved fruits.

3. Once oil prices fall, many very good automotive projects aimed at developing hybrid and electric vehicles may eventually be eliminated. Too bad, but this is just the essence of the game. Humans may be smart monkeys, but they cannot see the future.

4. At least the automobile industry has developed a wide variety of motor vehicles and power plants, suitable for every possibility.

Many people’s ideologies are related to peak oil and the imminent environmental and hydrocarbon disasters. Reality does conform to the belief system, so it is rejected or ignored.

Well, we will all die sooner or later. There is always a market at the end of the world. The point of all these books is to let us not be stupid to death.

I don't remember 1974, but I do remember that gasoline rose to 75 cents a few years later, and my dad complained when he was fueling his suburbs. Every summer, he would take a month off, and we would tow a travel trailer to various places in the west.

Soon after, he sold both and bought a Peugeot diesel because its fuel consumption was 30 mpg. (Interestingly, that suburban area lasted more miles and years than Peugeot.)

Do you happen to have other alumni of The Oil Drum coming here?

Don't fall in love with the mileage-based advice Bruce! This is just a rich/liberal scam to promote the privatization of roads.

The gasoline tax works very well. It just needs to be raised more frequently than every 19 years. If you use a mileage-based system, then you are only one step away from privatization. Politicians in some kind of budget tightening, whether artificially or otherwise, decide that they need to monetize their income stream. Road maintenance fees and related revenue streams are sold to politically connected Pluto along with the poorly promoted non-compete contract. The road leads to a private monopoly

If we change the DC system, we will see a huge expansion of domestic energy production, and the economy will respond accordingly. Put the energy cost chart together with economic indicators and you will see how it works. Energy costs flow into everything and drain your wallet accordingly. Redistribution of wealth cannot solve this problem.

Increasing energy costs can save you a bit, but it will only run out of money in the end. The geniuses of DC actually believe that solar and wind energy can replace oil and natural gas on a large scale while being economically viable. The opportunity is great. A drop of magic oil contains more energy than any other method. All their whimsical ideas eventually cost more than their value. After all, before the government launched OPM, investors had a reason to avoid it. At least some of Barry's friends made millions.

I think the future of automobiles is natural gas and hydrogen. Today, the natural gas infrastructure already exists. You can refuel the car in the garage, or even run it on propane if needed. Hydrogen has storage and handling problems, but it is very abundant and can be extracted with nuclear power. Natural gas-based transportation is more efficient and the refueling time is shorter. There is no expensive distillation process, and the energy level is higher than that of ethanol. Hydrogen will be difficult to commercialize, but we have an unlimited amount of it available.

Eventually the Saudi home will dry up and several oil fields will be destroyed by seawater to increase production. After the oil ran out, there was nothing but sand. We also have the majestic purple mountains, the amber grain waves and the fruitful plains. We also have oil on the California coast and the continental shelf, and we are always looking for new sources. Long after I left, my grandchildren would refuel the car, and maybe even ride my antique (by then) motorcycle.

The principle of energy density explains why wind and solar energy will never replace oil, natural gas, nuclear energy or anything else. Most people have never even considered this. They just let the government waste their money time and time again.

I'm not your smart guy. Ever wondered the possibility that you are just another fool? Before you start talking, try to understand at least a little bit about your subject.

Jimbob, this is not the Washington Post website. Try to remember where you are. We have fierce disagreements here, but we do like to at least pretend to be rational and civilized.

I agree that it is better to keep civilized and remember that it is just a message board. I have many differences. After some debates, I changed my position or thoughts. Continue to exchange ideas and gain new knowledge is one of the main benefits of message boards.

His comment on the Saudi oil field seawater is 100% correct. In 1970-73, the U.S. partially owned/controlled Arab American Petroleum Corporation (later nationalized Saudi Aramco) disrupted at least part of the natural flow of oil fields in order to extract as much oil as possible before the contract expires. Simmons in 2004 This was recorded in the twilight in the desert in 1988. Between 1973 and 1982, when the Saudis stopped publishing official data, the Saudis began to use seawater to generate enough pressure to keep the oil fields flowing (I don’t remember the exact time since I read Simmons’ book for three years) .

As far as his other thoughts are concerned, I think there is nothing strange, and I personally tend to agree. If you disagree, please at least explain the reason for your insult.

Unfortunately, Matthew Simmons has passed away. I express my condolences to friends and family. Oddly enough, with all due respect, his carefully researched masterpiece itself provides very strong evidence that the concept of "peak oil" is absurd.

The last public estimate of Ghawar reservoir reserves was in 1984. If I remember correctly, the recoverable oil volume is 84 billion barrels, of which about one-third of the original oil is in place.

A few decades ago, my mentor told me that in the mining industry, there is a stable interaction between technological progress (average 2% per year) and the depletion of the resource base. Simmons reviewed the engineering literature after 1984 and documented discoveries that represented continuous technological advancement (such as super permeability). Obviously, the estimate of Ghawar's virgin oil has increased slightly (as more information becomes available, this is natural), but the major change from 1984 is that the recovery factor is now well over 50%. This roughly offset the oil field's 4mmbbl/d production in the following years. The Saudis do best on this issue. They really have a good grasp.

What’s more important to me is that the terrible end-of-the-world scenario in the human mind is so insidious that even a highly intelligent person like the late Matthew Simmons who has done all the research may be Totally wrong.

I call the end of the world scenario the collapse of the American dollar. Oil may run out, but the day when OPEC countries switch to using euros for oil and dumping dollars, we are doomed to fail. So we don't drill.

Ah, excellent post. I'm currently participating in a brain-consuming meeting, so at the moment I can't give an idea that it's worth later today.

I always find the oil industry very interesting (drilling/recycling, pipelines, etc.). As I said before, I did read this book, but I haven't touched it in three years, so the details are a bit vague. I do remember him talking about how he claimed that the Saudis purposely "rested" the fields in the 1980s due to early stress damage. I still remember how the Saudis enjoyed being a heavyweight in OPEC and had the geopolitical ability to change oil prices, just using/threatening to use some of their excess capacity, such as on/off switches, and how Simmons ultimately believed in the above excess capacity 10 mbpd will dissipate and the oil field will eventually drop significantly (so the seawater currently used is already used to maintain pressure).

Thank you for sharing additional tidbits about 2% and technological progress. I think Saudi Arabia is likely to be able to avoid the expected decline at least on this point. The sign I am looking for is whether the Saudis will try to "open the tap" again for political reasons as they did in the past. If they do, they need to conduct an independent analysis of the actual pumping volume. If Simmons is right, they will There is no or no such ability, just because the standard recovery rate of oil fields is lower than 10mbpd, their excess capacity will evaporate, and any "opening the tap" will be a bluff. Call.

I personally know very little about the subject of judging whether Simmons is correct. I hope he is wrong about Saudi Arabia, but even if oil has never been exhausted for hundreds of years, losing cheap oil will be similar to an atomic bomb passing through our social structure. Humans will undoubtedly not survive the end of the world, but I doubt that the world as we know it will undergo fundamental changes.

The European Central Bank’s situation is worse than that of the Federal Reserve. Although we face all the problems in the next decade or so, the United States can still be used as a growth engine. If you want to worry that any legal paper currency is afraid of the renminbi, I very much doubt whether OPEC will specifically use the euro instead of the FRN. Although in the short term, oil is likely to continue to be traded in gold, which is already happening behind the scenes.

http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/16/us-iran-turkey-sanctions-idUSBRE91F01F20130216

This is a cute little article that illustrates one of my opinions http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303376904579135842033421008.html?mod=WSJ_Opinion_LEADTop

Mix taxes with green energy and you will get billionaires.

Jimbob457, I have considered that what I have seen and what happened is not true, but the facts are hard to ignore. If you have any constructive counter arguments, we hope to see them. Otherwise, spray water elsewhere.

I started driving in 1972, just in time for the “shortage” of oil. Growing up in the San Francisco Bay Area, we were constrained by natural gas pipelines, rationing, etc.

In the summer of '73, my boss wanted me to take his brand-new Dodge Power Wagon to a machine tool exhibition in Anaheim, which was filled with punching tools, pre-cut material blanks and procedures to test what he wanted to buy Of the new turret press.

The new Dodge has a smoke control 318, it drank a lot of gasoline, and hardly gave any power back. The next day, with some fear, I set off from 101 to meet him.

At midnight in San Luis Obispo, the gas ran out, so I left the highway, looking forward to long lines, rations, maybe no gas at all. It did not happen.

There is no limit, gasoline is cheaper than San Jose, and I am back on the road soon.

Once I entered the Los Angeles Basin, the line and rationing began again.

I have never explained to me how this is possible, and it always seems strange that it happens in densely populated areas, where they did make us more than a barrel.

Later that year, I drove to Texas. My relatives thought I was crazy. We paid nearly $1 per gallon, and they still had their 38 cents regular and there was no queue.

This process repeated itself in California in 1978, but I was already prepared. We have a limit of 20 gallons, so I put the fuel tank of the Suzuki GT750 and a 5-gallon can in my 65 Monza trunk, filled the zoo’s fuel tank "Vair", and then filled the remaining 5 gallons. 20 of them.

I ride to and from get off work on a moped and can use my remaining gasoline on the weekend to drive around in my car and GT750.

The interesting thing about "shortage" is that we lined up again in San Jose and Los Angeles, but when we were cycling through Sierras, Lee Vining, Nevada, on the east side of Sierras, had all the gasoline we wanted. There was no line. ,no limit.

To figure it out? Natural gas is rationed based on the amount used last year. Therefore, urban areas in the Sunbelt like Phoenix or, to a lesser extent, Los Angeles, have only been destroyed.

I can't explain your description of Texas, only that the prevalence in many small towns outside the big cities may alleviate this situation.

In the late 1970s, I lived in Houston and worked for an oil company. I was angry because we were close to many oil refineries, but due to the stupid rationing of consumption in previous years. As unemployed people from the snow belt move in, our population is exploding, so we have a long gas pipeline. In many cases, you have to wait an hour to refuel. Sometimes at work I ask some managers to send me to fill up his car because he doesn't want to waste time in queuing. I own a second car, it has a suitable size fuel tank, and I can pump out the gasoline as needed. Fortunately, one of the cars has an odd number plate, while the other has an even number plate. At that time, I often rode a bicycle to work. As in previous natural gas crises, friends and relatives living in small towns have plenty of natural gas. The poor old incompetent and unlucky Jimmy Carter is widely blamed for all of this, regardless of fairness, even though sky-high interest rates and inflation rates do not help.

Register; non-biological oil/assuming not oil...or?

'Glasby also recently reviewed the abiotic origin of petroleum in detail, and he raised some objections, including that there is no direct evidence of the existence of abiotic petroleum (liquid crude oil and long-chain hydrocarbons) so far. [1] Geologists now believe that there is no scientific basis for the non-biological formation of oil, and they agree that oil is formed from organic matter. [1] However, the theory of abiotic origin cannot be denied, because the mainstream theory needs to be finally established. [3]'_wiki

Non-biological oil? Based on Soviet science. It sounds like just another way to go bankrupt. Explain to me how all these hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms get themselves so entangled.

This is a response to the "Devil's Advocate" commented by "Humvee" and "Littom"

"...The oil replenishes itself much faster than many people think."

"Yes, non-biological oil, I don't think we should know about it."

Naturally, you deny peak oil, which is a belief recognized by scientists all over the world, but you have neglected the possibility of non-biological oil, even if what is happening in the Gulf of Mexico leads to self-replenishment of oil wells. It may be nothing, but what if it is not?

"You dismissed peak oil for granted"

Is this comment directed to my "Lie2me"? If so, I never said any of these "dismissals".

Peak oil is an outdated and controversial term. I do think we are on the decline of easy-to-exploit oil production.

As far as "biological oil" is concerned, there is no evidence to support its existence. And, I hope it does not exist. We need to end the environmental destruction and pollution caused by burning carbon-based fuels during this oil/coal period.

It will be a cold night, where is that bunch of cedar lit now?

This is for Jimbob, sorry for the confusion

Bill, I also lived in Houston during the Iran crisis and oil shortage in 1979. I work for a contract drilling company near the Galleria area. The company pays people to wait in line to refuel the company's cars. During the Arab oil embargo in 1979 and 1973, I also started riding a bicycle. In the fall of 1973, I was a junior at Baylor and had a 64 Impala station wagon from my parents. I always carried a full gas tank in case I wanted to go home for the weekend.

Of course, we ignore the possibility of increasing environmental damage and pollution of basic resources (groundwater) in order to maintain today's fossil fuel "system". Our descendants will naturally curse our shortsightedness and greed. Energy companies are still matching, and we are the puppets in the game. But we think we are "smart". pity.

This article reminds me of a letter published on Playboy in the 1980s. The content is this: There is an Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, and there must be an Organization of Fuel User Countries. Every time OPEC raises its price, it will hear the cry of pain.

The original text of this article comes from businessinsider.com, and even the pictures used. The source should be cited, not presented as an original work.

I found the article on March 10, 2013, but I couldn't find any similarities with the TTAC version in the text. However, the images contained in Business Insider have been attributed to the National Archives of the United States, and the TTAC photos are not attributed at all.

In 1973, a shopping mall in the United States and a resort in the United Kingdom adopted novel plastic glass derived from petroleum. The latter burned in August, leading to changes in fire protection regulations worldwide. On the 73rd, I also saw a vice president with a cramped neck resign. He tried hard to oppose the nagging guy and promised that he would not resign if he was prosecuted.

73 The embargo did not really make the United States surrender. The lowest ever was Eyeran’s 53 hostages. Thanks to eyeKE for putting Shah there. The stroller ate gas.

73 minutes... That's great. Faraway people who most Americans have never heard of are disrupting our way of life.

Washington State imposes an "odd-even" refueling system for personal cars, but there are no restrictions on commercial rigs. I have three new Ford 1-ton flatbed trucks, so I put another 30-gallon saddle fuel tank on each truck. I never lack fuel to run my personal vehicle, although high-octane fuel is difficult to obtain.

However, 73'/74'/75' are missed years for me, but they are very interesting.

Entering 73', I have a booming construction business, coupled with exciting construction practices. In the spring of 74, the economic recession slowed down work and practice. I decided to take a break and use some of my accumulated funds to pursue an illusion. Finally, I went to all the cities in the world that I wanted to visit and stay as long as I wanted, and then moved to the list. The next one.

I built a large loft in my store as additional storage space, then put everything in the store and went out.

I have had a wonderful time in the past few years. Very few cars and bicycles have been acquired and shipped home and added to my collection. I still own all of them, the most striking is the Jaguar MK-5 Drop in 1951. The uniqueness of the 500cc single tube of the head coupe and Ariel' Red Hunter in 1947 is that it still retains the double tube of its predecessor and the new 47' telescopic fork. Only for one-year combinations.

Since 1973, the world population has doubled. Global oil consumption has almost tripled. OPEC has increased its membership. However, OPEC produces roughly the same amount of oil today as it did 40 years ago.

Want to know why this happens? Even today, the United States produces more oil than at any time in recent history. Why hasn't the price of oil dropped? Surely domestic producers will not charge their compatriots based on global oil prices? Isn't this unpatriotic? Of course, if their company reduces the fuel price burden of their compatriots, the shareholders of domestic oil companies will not object, right?

I think "Drill Baby Drill" should help oil and fuel prices. Of course, Keystone Pipeline will lower the price, right? Isn't this what API and Canadian companies that want to build pipelines through our national center want us to believe? We have been drilling frantically. We have been producing frantically. Where is the price reduction we promised?

We currently export large quantities of refined fuels. how is this possible? I think increasing supply should lower prices. We have so many things we export and the price of the pump is still high? Did anyone lie to us?

I did not lie to you. As we said, the increase in oil supply (it turns out, mainly due to hydraulic fracturing) and the decrease in oil demand are breaking oil prices. In these cases, the exact timing of the major price breakout is difficult to predict-the final price level, not so much. The absolute peak is about US$110 (US$ per 42 gallon barrel). Tomorrow's trough should be 50 to 70 US dollars, mainly based on the economics of "fracturing", plus the possibility of some demand-side substitution. WTI current spot price: $95, heading south.

Let's face it: salesmen, politicians and lobbyists sometimes exaggerate just for effectiveness.

One thing I remember about the "oil crisis" of 1973 was the decree issued by the Nixon administration to adopt daylight saving time throughout the year. Many people in the north are disturbed by the idea of ​​students waiting for buses in the dark. There is no such a big problem in the south, but I went to college in 1973 and I remember having a class that started at 7:00 in the morning of the IIRC, and the whole class would remain dark. My mother encouraged me to go to Grand Canyon, Utah, and other places during the spring and autumn vacations-people are generally worried that future gasoline will be either very expensive or unavailable, and driving to distant destinations is impossible.

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